CHAPTER
I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
of study
At
this time a lot of people or communities who want to transmigrate in the urban
community or rural environment, because they assume the
villagers more unique, much different her life complicated
on the life of society in the city.
Life in the city is promising abundant
money even luxurious life,
are modern, advanced technology, most of society city is considered a boring, they
tend to want a better life like the life in the villages, where rural communities prefer the neighborly harmony, away from the feeling
egoism completely opposed to life in the city.
The
report was made to complete the task given by the
English subject teachers to final valuation.
1.3 Problem to discuss
1.
How
the lives of the villagers
2.
difference
in the village with the town
1.4 method of report
method of writing this
report is a qualitative method, because the source of qualitative data is a
record of the observation, in-depth interview transcripts, and documents
related to the form of writing or image.
CHAPTER
II
LIVE OF PEOPLE IN VILAGE
2.1 Society
Societyis a groupof people, where most of the
interactions between individuals within the group. Society is a community depend
on each other. Generally, societytermis
usedto refer toa group ofpeople livingtogether ina community
2.2 Definition ofvillage /rural
What is meant by the village by Sutardjo Kartodikusuma
argued as follows: The village is a living entity where a society of government
itself.
According Bintaro, village or unity embodies geographic, social, economic, political and culture that are on the ground (an area), the relationship and mutual influence with other regions.
According Bintaro, village or unity embodies geographic, social, economic, political and culture that are on the ground (an area), the relationship and mutual influence with other regions.
2.3 Villagers Characteristics
(characteristics)
Here are the characteristics of rural
characteristics,
related to the ethics and culture of a general nature.
1.simple
2.easy suspicious
3.Up holding the prevailing norms its region
4.Having a family trait
5.Straight forward or out spoken
6.Coveredin terms of their financial
7.Feeling no confidence against society city
8.Respect for others
9.Democraticand religious
2.4 Differencesin
the village and the city
There are several characteristics
that can be used as a guide to distinguish between rural and urban. By looking at
the differences that exist hopefully will be able to reduce the difficulty in
determining whether a society can be called As with rural or urban communities.
Characteristic traits include:
1)the number and density of population
2)environment
3)livelihood
4)patterns of social life
5)social stratification
6)social mobility
7)patterns of social interaction
2)environment
3)livelihood
4)patterns of social life
5)social stratification
6)social mobility
7)patterns of social interaction
2.5
The main livelihood of the villagers
The main livelihood f the
villagers were in the primary economic sector agricultural fields. Economic life mainly
depends on the business management of the land for agricultural purposes,
including farming and aqua culture. So the activity in the
village is the natural process to obtain raw materials, both
material needs for food, clothing and other raw materials to meet the basic
human needs
2.6 the
job of the village
1.
Population Patterns Economic Activity
Do you remember that the shape of the surface of the earth is not flat? There is a form of lowlands, highlands and mountains. Well, in an effort to meet their needs, utilizing human environment. Thus, the economic activity was closely related to the environment. Speaking of economic activity means people talking about livelihoods. Livelihood is a day-to-day activities to meet the needs of residents living themselves and their families. In order to make ends meet, people trying to find jobs that match their ability. Livelihoods can be classified into two groups, based on the place (rural and urban) and by type of employment (agricultural and non-agricultural).
a. Livelihood in the Agricultural Sector
Understanding agriculture can be distinguished on the understanding in the broad sense and meaning in the strict sense. Agriculture in its broadest sense includes agricultural, horticultural, animal husbandry, fisheries, and forestry. In a narrow sense, the farm includes farm crops, such as rice, maize, cassava, crops, etc..
1) Agriculture
Agriculture is the livelihood for centuries have done most of the population of Indonesia. That's why Indonesia is often also referred to as an agricultural country. Forms of agriculture conducted by residents in agriculture includes farming, bertegalan, bersawah. Farming is the form of agriculture with land use in the surrounding forest. Farming activities formerly carried on the move. Residents burn forests to clear land for agriculture. After harvest, the population moved to another place and another burned forests to clear land for a new one.
Bertegalan on dry land is farmed by relying on rain water, but the processing has been settled. The results include upland rice, tubers, maize, and pulses. Bersawah is farmed with irrigation and fertilization system regular. There are several ways bersawah, namely rainfed (derived from rainwater irrigation), irrigated (irrigation via irrigation channels), lowland rice (rice that use flood plains), tidal rice (paddy field located at the mouth of large rivers and influenced by tides).
2) Plantation
Plantation was the cultivation of crops on large areas of land that produce material for industry. There are two kinds of plantations: smallholders and large estates. Types of crops are rubber, palm oil, tea, tobacco, cloves, cocoa, sugarcane.
3) Fisheries
Fishing is a business maintenance, cultivation, and fishing. Fishing can be divided into two, namely aquaculture and marine fisheries. Fishery is divided into two, namely freshwater fisheries and aquaculture ponds located along a sloping beach.
4) Livestock
Livestock includes maintenance effort and breeding livestock. According to the size of livestock, farms were divided into three groups. Includes poultry farms chicken farms, chicken, ducks, geese, and birds. Small animal farm includes farm goats, sheep, pigs, rabbits. Peternakah large animals include cattle, buffalo and horses.
5) Forestry
Forests are very useful for living beings. Forests can be a source of livelihood. Of the forest, we can take the wood, rattan, and resin. Forest management for timber producing industry by the government or private companies. Forest management wrong can be disastrous for the living things around even in the world. That is because the forests are the lungs of the world.
b. Livelihoods in the field of non-agricultural
Nonfarm livelihoods include mining, industry, trade, tourism, and services.
1) Mining
Included in the mining among others are the investigation, collection, and processing of minerals. Minerals found in the earth. To determine the presence of a mineral, conducted research or exploration activities. If exploration results indicate there is a mineral that has a high economic value somewhere, conducted exploitation or pickup mine. According to his form, minerals can be divided into (1) solid minerals such as gold, silver, coal, (2) a liquid such as mineral oil, and (3) gas minerals such as natural gas. According to the utility, mining goods can be grouped into (1) and gas energy minerals such as oil and gas, (2) non-oil energy minerals such as coal, (3) metallic mineral goods, such as gold, silver, bauxite, nickel and (4) non-metallic materials such as asphalt meniral mining, phosphate, (5) rocks such as marble, iron sand, koalin.
2) Industry
Industry is an activity to process raw materials into semi-finished or finished goods by using facilities and equipment. Industry can be divided into (1) home industry afforded by families with total employment of less than 5 people, (2) small industry workforce between 5-19 people, (3) industry is the amount of labor between 20 - 99 people, (4) the total industrial workforce of more than 100 people. Industrial products, among others, noodles, tofu, yarn, textiles, apparel, furniture, iron and steel.
3) Tourism
Indonesia has a lovely nature. The beauty of it can be a source of income of local residents. To be used as a tourist attraction, tourist destination should be prepared as best as possible. The existence of an attraction to open up employment opportunities for many other sectors, such as business souvenirs, business hospitality services, transportation services.
4) Services
Services is an activity that can be sold to others. For example, teachers in the form of selling services to teach children. Police sell security services. There are many different types of jobs in services sales. Some of them are in transportation, education, health, law, communication.
Do you remember that the shape of the surface of the earth is not flat? There is a form of lowlands, highlands and mountains. Well, in an effort to meet their needs, utilizing human environment. Thus, the economic activity was closely related to the environment. Speaking of economic activity means people talking about livelihoods. Livelihood is a day-to-day activities to meet the needs of residents living themselves and their families. In order to make ends meet, people trying to find jobs that match their ability. Livelihoods can be classified into two groups, based on the place (rural and urban) and by type of employment (agricultural and non-agricultural).
a. Livelihood in the Agricultural Sector
Understanding agriculture can be distinguished on the understanding in the broad sense and meaning in the strict sense. Agriculture in its broadest sense includes agricultural, horticultural, animal husbandry, fisheries, and forestry. In a narrow sense, the farm includes farm crops, such as rice, maize, cassava, crops, etc..
1) Agriculture
Agriculture is the livelihood for centuries have done most of the population of Indonesia. That's why Indonesia is often also referred to as an agricultural country. Forms of agriculture conducted by residents in agriculture includes farming, bertegalan, bersawah. Farming is the form of agriculture with land use in the surrounding forest. Farming activities formerly carried on the move. Residents burn forests to clear land for agriculture. After harvest, the population moved to another place and another burned forests to clear land for a new one.
Bertegalan on dry land is farmed by relying on rain water, but the processing has been settled. The results include upland rice, tubers, maize, and pulses. Bersawah is farmed with irrigation and fertilization system regular. There are several ways bersawah, namely rainfed (derived from rainwater irrigation), irrigated (irrigation via irrigation channels), lowland rice (rice that use flood plains), tidal rice (paddy field located at the mouth of large rivers and influenced by tides).
2) Plantation
Plantation was the cultivation of crops on large areas of land that produce material for industry. There are two kinds of plantations: smallholders and large estates. Types of crops are rubber, palm oil, tea, tobacco, cloves, cocoa, sugarcane.
3) Fisheries
Fishing is a business maintenance, cultivation, and fishing. Fishing can be divided into two, namely aquaculture and marine fisheries. Fishery is divided into two, namely freshwater fisheries and aquaculture ponds located along a sloping beach.
4) Livestock
Livestock includes maintenance effort and breeding livestock. According to the size of livestock, farms were divided into three groups. Includes poultry farms chicken farms, chicken, ducks, geese, and birds. Small animal farm includes farm goats, sheep, pigs, rabbits. Peternakah large animals include cattle, buffalo and horses.
5) Forestry
Forests are very useful for living beings. Forests can be a source of livelihood. Of the forest, we can take the wood, rattan, and resin. Forest management for timber producing industry by the government or private companies. Forest management wrong can be disastrous for the living things around even in the world. That is because the forests are the lungs of the world.
b. Livelihoods in the field of non-agricultural
Nonfarm livelihoods include mining, industry, trade, tourism, and services.
1) Mining
Included in the mining among others are the investigation, collection, and processing of minerals. Minerals found in the earth. To determine the presence of a mineral, conducted research or exploration activities. If exploration results indicate there is a mineral that has a high economic value somewhere, conducted exploitation or pickup mine. According to his form, minerals can be divided into (1) solid minerals such as gold, silver, coal, (2) a liquid such as mineral oil, and (3) gas minerals such as natural gas. According to the utility, mining goods can be grouped into (1) and gas energy minerals such as oil and gas, (2) non-oil energy minerals such as coal, (3) metallic mineral goods, such as gold, silver, bauxite, nickel and (4) non-metallic materials such as asphalt meniral mining, phosphate, (5) rocks such as marble, iron sand, koalin.
2) Industry
Industry is an activity to process raw materials into semi-finished or finished goods by using facilities and equipment. Industry can be divided into (1) home industry afforded by families with total employment of less than 5 people, (2) small industry workforce between 5-19 people, (3) industry is the amount of labor between 20 - 99 people, (4) the total industrial workforce of more than 100 people. Industrial products, among others, noodles, tofu, yarn, textiles, apparel, furniture, iron and steel.
3) Tourism
Indonesia has a lovely nature. The beauty of it can be a source of income of local residents. To be used as a tourist attraction, tourist destination should be prepared as best as possible. The existence of an attraction to open up employment opportunities for many other sectors, such as business souvenirs, business hospitality services, transportation services.
4) Services
Services is an activity that can be sold to others. For example, teachers in the form of selling services to teach children. Police sell security services. There are many different types of jobs in services sales. Some of them are in transportation, education, health, law, communication.
CHAPTER VI
CLOSING
A. Conclusion
Human life in this world can not rely on her sense himself in need help and the help of others, and therefore humans are called social creatures. Therefore, social life ought to be a driving force or a source of strength to achieve the ideals of a harmonious life, whether that life in rural and urban areas. Of course, we hope that together, but what we are witnessing the phenomenon it is today, a far cry from the expectations and objectives of the country's national development, social inequality, the rich get rich and the poor more poor, low quality of education, the easy to kill his brother (moral decadence) just because of trivial things, and many of the above phenomena of life that we share, the phenomenon may also exist in the environment in which we live.
Accordingly, we are prejudiced or perhaps thinking phenomenon that occurs only in the towns above, it turns out the problem is not much different there in the country, which we thought was a safe, quiet and have a certain (human), it has been by paced city life and be free of urbanization on the one hand it becomes a serious problem for the city and the village, because the village to the city urbanization become marginalized communities and for village resource makes the influence of urbanization
CLOSING
A. Conclusion
Human life in this world can not rely on her sense himself in need help and the help of others, and therefore humans are called social creatures. Therefore, social life ought to be a driving force or a source of strength to achieve the ideals of a harmonious life, whether that life in rural and urban areas. Of course, we hope that together, but what we are witnessing the phenomenon it is today, a far cry from the expectations and objectives of the country's national development, social inequality, the rich get rich and the poor more poor, low quality of education, the easy to kill his brother (moral decadence) just because of trivial things, and many of the above phenomena of life that we share, the phenomenon may also exist in the environment in which we live.
Accordingly, we are prejudiced or perhaps thinking phenomenon that occurs only in the towns above, it turns out the problem is not much different there in the country, which we thought was a safe, quiet and have a certain (human), it has been by paced city life and be free of urbanization on the one hand it becomes a serious problem for the city and the village, because the village to the city urbanization become marginalized communities and for village resource makes the influence of urbanization
Accordingly,
we are prejudiced or perhaps thinking phenomenon that occurs over only happens
in the city, it turns out the problem is not much different there in the
country, which we thought was a safe, quiet and have a certain (human), it has
been tersusupi by city life the permissiveness and freedom on the one hand that
urbanization becomes a serious problem for the city and the village, because
the village to the city berurbanisasi become marginalized communities and for
rural urbanization effect making human resources become less productive in the
village that makes a village not advanced even tends to lag
PREFACE
Praise
to Allah SWT who has given us a variety of favors, so the activity of the lives
we live will always bring blessings, good life in this world, even more so in
the life hereafter, so that all the ideals and expectations to we achieve
easier and full benefits.
Thank
you both before and after we have spoken to many guiding guruyang and parents
who have given all the support and motivation and all friends who helped, both
moral and material assistance in the form, so that the paper is completed
within the allotted time.
We
realize that once, in the preparation of this paper is far from perfect, and
many lack-kekurangnya, both in terms of grammar and in terms of consolidation
of the lecturers and my friends, who sometimes just menturuti personal egoism,
for it was our big hope if there is criticism and constructive suggestions for
further refine-Makah our papers next time.
The
greatest expectation of the preparation of this paper is, hopefully what we put
these full benefits, whether for personal, friends, and others who want to read
and perfect again or take the wisdom of this title (village life) as adding
additional resources that already exist.
MOJOKERTO, November 2007
Composer
